Giulia Grisi, also known as Madame the Duchess De Candia (May 22, 1811 in Milan, Italy – November 29, 1869 in Berlin, Germany) was an Italian opera singer. She performed widely in Europe, toured the United States and was considered to be one of the leading sopranos of the 19th century.
Grisi was related to the Royal House of Greece and she was the wife of Giovanni Matteo Mario a noble Lord (Cavaliere), Prince and Marquis of the Kingdom of Sardinia. She is buried at the Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris – her last home where she resided with her spouse Sir Giovanni Matteo de Candia (Mario the tenor). Her grave is marked with her title, Giulia de Candia.[1][2]
Born in Milan, Giulia Grisi was the daughter of one of Napoleon Bonaparte's Italian officers. She came from a musically gifted family, her maternal aunt Giuseppina Grassini (1773–1850) being a favourite opera singer both on the continent and in London. Her older sister, Giuditta and her cousin Carlotta were both artistes, too, the former as a singer and the latter as a ballet dancer. Giuditta was the creator of the pants-role of Romeo in Bellini's I Capuleti e i Montecchi.[1]
Not surprisingly, Giulia was trained for a musical career, and she made her stage debut as Emma in Rossini's Zelmira in Bologna in 1828. Rossini and Bellini both took an interest in her, and at Milan she was the first to play the part of Adalgisa in Bellini's Norma, in which the dramatic soprano Giuditta Pasta took the title role.
Grisi appeared in Paris in 1832, as Semiramide in Rossini's opera, and had a great success; in 1834 she made her debut in London as Ninetta in La gazza ladra; and, again in Paris, in 1835 she created the role of Elvira in Bellini's I puritani at the Théâtre-Italien. In 1842, Donizetti wrote the parts of Norina and Ernesto in Don Pasquale for Grisi and Giovanni Matteo De Candia, usually known by his stage-name of Mario, who was to become the love of her life.[1]
Her voice was described as a dramatic soprano which, during her prime, was praised by music critics for its exceptional beauty, even-ness and smoothness. In total, her career spanned 30 years. She was a noted actress and, in London, she appeared regularly with such eminent singers as Luigi Lablache, Giovanni Rubini and Antonio Tamburini.,[1] not to mention Mario. Indeed, the prickly press commentator Henry Chorley praised her and Mario for their success in establishing Italian opera as an important component of the musical scene in London.
In 1854, she and Mario undertook a lucrative tour of the United States of America, where they were treated as major international celebrities.
Grisi had married Count Gérard de Melcy in 1836, but he refused her a divorce. They had six daughters. While living with Mario, Giulia and he maintained homes in Paris and London. Following their marriage, however, they returned to Italy and lived at the Villa Salviati in Florence, a property that Mario bought in 1849. Grisi wrote in her diary of the exciting times that they spent there with distinguished guests drawn from the opera world and the aristocracy, including her distant relatives from the royal houses of Greece and Russia and members of the Italian and British nobility.[1]
During a trip to St. Petersburg, Russia, while travelling with her family by train, she was involved in an accident, after crossing the border into Germany. She was taken to a hotel in Berlin, where under the care of Dr. Isabell, she spent her last days. She died on 29 November 1869. Her body was then taken by her husband to Paris, where she is buried at Père Lachaise Cemetery. Her tomb stands in front of Molière's, marked by a plain white stone with the inscription "marquise Juliette de Candia".[3]
One of her daughters with Mario, Cecilia Maria de Candia, became a recognized writer. She married an English gentleman, Lord Pearse and in 1910 published the book The Romance of a Great Singer.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.